Oxidative stress, antioxidant status and DNA damage in Type 2 diabetes melittus
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Diabetes mellitus is known to be associated with increased oxidative stress. Oxygen free radicals are implicated in pancreatic beta cell damage and genesis of diabetes as well as in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications like cardiovascular disease, neuropathy, retinopathy and nephropathy. The present study is to evaluate lipid peroxidation, Myeloperoxidase level, antioxidant status and DNA damage in type 2 diabetic persons and to compare the results with non diabetic healthy control subjects. Serum Malondialdehyde (MDA) Myeloperoxidase (MPO), Total antioxidants, (TAC) Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and Total cholesterol, (TC), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), Triglycerides (TG) were estimated spectrophotometrically. A comet assay was employed to evaluate DNA damage. Type 2 diabetic subjects had higher levels of plasma MDA and MPO concentration, but lower TAC, GSH, CAT and SOD activity. Correlation analysis shows that there is a positive association between MPO and MDA concentration but negative correlations with TAC status and SOD activity to the fasting blood glucose level and duration of diabetes. The comet assay revealed higher percentage of DNA damage in diabetics when compared to control subjects. The results of our present study suggests that hyperglycemia in diabetic subjects is the predominant cause for oxidative stress over antioxidant defense systems leading to lipid peroxidation and oxidative DNA damage which possibly contribute to the development of diabetes and its complications.
