Exact evolution of time-reversible symplectic integrators and their phase errors for the harmonic oscillator
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The evolution of any factorized time-reversible symplectic integrators, when applied to the harmonic oscillator, can be exactly solved in a closed form. The resulting modified Hamiltonians demonstrate the convergence of the Lie series expansions. They are also less distorted than modified Hamiltonian of non-reversible algorithms. The analytical form for the modified angular frequency can be used to assess the phase error of any time-reversible algorithm. 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.