Thermodynamical study of the two-way shape memory effect in active composites
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abstract
Explicit equations are derived for the transformation tensors that relate the composite transformation strain rate to the phase transformation rate in the fiber and matrix. For the two-way SME in a SMA fiber/elastomer matrix composite, processing-induced residual stresses alter the composite austenite start and martensite start temperatures, as well as the amount of composite strain recovered during a complete cycle of temperature and fiber martensite volume fraction. Relative to the two-way SME response of stiff-matrix composites, it is demonstrated that compliant-matrix composites: (1) Complete the phase transformation over a narrower temperature range; (2) Exhibit greater transformation strain during the reverse transformation; and (3) Undergo an incomplete strain cycle during a complete cycle of temperature and the fiber martensite volume fraction.