Damage modeling of metal matrix composite laminates with cracked oxide surface layers
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The present study investigates the oxidation effects on surface crack development of oxidized Ti-15-3 and -21S Metal Matrix Composite (MMC) unidirectional laminates under applied mechanical loading. To investigate the mechanical behavior of the oxidized MMC with a distribution of cracks in the oxide layer, an approximate mechanical model is established and a stress analysis under axial loading is performed, assuming a periodic distribution of surface cracks. The critical value of an applied mechanical load, which is necessary for the formation of new cracks as a function of crack density, is calculated for given oxide layer thickness. The effective stiffness reduction, caused by cracks during the oxidation process, is also evaluated. Finally, the effect of oxidation induced eigenstrains is taken into account in the mechanical analysis, and the evolution of crack density for different eigenstrains is estimated as a function of the applied loading. 1996 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.