Evaluation of four different experimental techniques for determination of elastic properties of solids
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Two dynamic and two static techniques for determining Young's and shear moduli of solids at room temperature were evaluated using, 7075 aluminum, 4140 steel, Pyrex glass and 99.9% pure Al 2O 3 (porosity 1.58-4.22 vol%) samples. The dynamic techniques included Impulse Excitation (IE) and Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy (RUS) while static techniques included Four Point Bending (4PB) and Nanoindentation (NI). The results obtained from the different tests were compared and statistically analyzed to determine the precision of each test method and to estimate the significance of the differences among the four techniques. It was found that dynamic techniques had higher precision and while there was no statistically significant difference among the values of Young's moduli determined by NI, RUS and IE for Pyrex glass and steel, results obtained by NI are significantly different than those obtained by RUS and IE for the case of aluminum and Al 2O 3. In the case of porous Al 2O 3 it was found that the magnitude of Young's modulus obtained by NI is higher and that the results have higher variability than those obtained by RUS and IE. This was attributed to the structural inhomogeneity of porous Al 2O 3 samples at the scale at which indentation takes place. In all cases, it was found that the results obtained from 4PB are significantly different from those determined through RUS, IE and NI and that they have the lowest precision and repeatability among the four test methods.
