Nanomaterials are receiving particular interest due to their novel physical and chemical properties, which are important for a wide range of applications, including environmental remediation. This article presents an overview of the currentadvances on the most relevant nanomaterials and nanotechnologies employed for environmental remediation. Particular emphasis is given to nanostructured semiconductors for photocatalysis; the use of nanomaterials such as nano-silver, single-walled carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, and titania for disinfection purposes; reactive metal nanoparticles, in particular zero-valent iron; ferrate and membrane nanotechnologies. These nanomaterials and nanotechnologies have been used for water and air purification or for the remediation of contaminated groundwater, soil, and sediments.
