Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs): role as guardians of inflammation. Academic Article uri icon

abstract

  • Recent observations have demonstrated that one of the functions of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) is to serve as guardians against excessive inflammatory responses. One mode of action of the cells is that they are activated to express the interleukin (IL)-1 receptor antagonist. A second mode of action is to create a negative feedback loop in which tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) and other proinflammatory cytokines from resident macrophages activate MSCs to secrete the multifunctional anti-inflammatory protein TNF- stimulated gene/protein 6 (TSG-6). The TSG-6 then reduces nuclear factor-B (NF-B) signaling in the resident macrophages and thereby modulates the cascade of proinflammatory cytokines. A third mode of action is to create a second negative feedback loop whereby lipopolysaccharide, TNF-, nitric oxide, and perhaps other damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) from injured tissues and macrophages activate MSCs to secrete prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)). The PGE(2) converts macrophages to the phenotype that secretes IL-10. There are also suggestions that MSCs may produce anti-inflammatory effects through additional modes of action including activation to express the antireactive oxygen species protein stanniocalcin-1.

published proceedings

  • Mol Ther

altmetric score

  • 14.25

author list (cited authors)

  • Prockop, D. J., & Oh, J. Y.

citation count

  • 620

complete list of authors

  • Prockop, Darwin J||Oh, Joo Youn

publication date

  • January 2012