Augmentation of antibody responses by retinoic acid and costimulatory molecules. Academic Article

abstract

• Antibody production is crucial for a successful vaccine response. Beyond the ability of vitamin A (VA) and its active metabolite, all-trans-retinoic acid (RA) to restore growth in VA-deficient animals, supplementation with VA and/or treatment with RA can augment antibody responses in both VA-deficient and VA-adequate animals. RA alone, and in combination with stimuli that are ligands for the Toll-like receptor family, can augment the adaptive immune response leading to a heightened primary antibody response, and a stronger recall response upon restimulation. Mechanisms may include regulation of cell populations, type 1/type 2 cytokines, and B cell-related transcription factors, leading to accelerated B cell maturation.

authors

• Ross, Alta

published proceedings

• Semin Immunol

author list (cited authors)

• Ross, A. C., Chen, Q., & Ma, Y.

citation count

• 49

complete list of authors

• Ross, A Catharine||Chen, Qiuyan||Ma, Yifan

publication date

• February 2009

publisher

• Elsevier  Publisher

published in

• Seminars in Immunology  Journal

keywords

• Animals
• Antibody Formation
• B-Lymphocytes
• B7-1 Antigen
• B7-2 Antigen
• Cell Differentiation
• Cytidine Deaminase
• Cytokines
• Humans
• Immunoglobulin Class Switching
• Killer Cells, Natural
• Natural Killer T-Cells
• Transcription Factors
• Tretinoin
• Vitamin A

PubMed Central ID

• 18819820

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

• 10.1016/j.smim.2008.08.004

start page

• 42

end page

• 50

volume

• 21

issue

• 1

URL

• http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smim.2008.08.004