Racial and ethnic differences in treatment outcomes among adults with stimulant use disorders after a dosed exercise intervention.
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The current study examined differences in substance abuse treatment outcomes among racial and ethnic groups enrolled in the Stimulant Reduction Intervention using Dosed Exercise (STRIDE) trial, a multisite randomized clinical trial implemented through the National Institute on Drug Abuse's (NIDA's) Clinical Trials Network (CTN). STRIDE aimed to test vigorous exercise as a novel approach to the treatment of stimulant abuse compared to a health education intervention. A hurdle model with a complier average causal effects (CACE) adjustment was used to provide an unbiased estimate of the exercise effect had all participants been adherent to exercise. Among 214 exercise-adherent participants, we found significantly lower probability of use for Blacks (z=-2.45, p=.014) and significantly lower number of days of use for Whites compared to Hispanics (z=-54.87, p=<.001) and for Whites compared to Blacks (z=-28.54, p=<.001), which suggests that vigorous, regular exercise might improve treatment outcomes given adequate levels of adherence.