Fully organic nanocomposites with high thermoelectric power factors by using a dual-stabilizer preparation
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Copyright 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim The thermoelectric properties of fully organic nanocomposites were investigated, for which meso-tetra(4-carboxyphenyl) porphine (TCPP) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) were used as instrinically conductive and semiconducting stabilizers, respectively. The electrical conductivity () of these dual-stabilizer organic composites increased to approximately 9500 S m1 as the concentrations of both the multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and PEDOT:PSS were increased. The thermopower (or Seebeck coefficient, S) and thermal conductivity, however, remained relatively unaffected by the increase in concentration (40 V K1 and 0.12 W m1 K1, respectively). Replacing MWNTs with double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNTs) increased and S to approximately 96 000 S m1 and 70 V K1, respectively, at 40 wt % DWNTs. This study suggests that and S can be simultaneously tailored by using multiple stabilizing agents to affect the transport properties of the junctions between nanotubes. Combining semiconducting and intrinsically conductive molecules as CNT-stabilizers has led to a power factor that is among the best for a completely organic, free-standing film (500 W m1 K2). These flexible, segregated-network nanocomposites now exhibit properties that rival the more conventional inorganic semiconductors, particularly when normalized by the mass.
