Chromosome substitution lines with improved essential mineral nutrients and fiber quality traits in Upland cotton Institutional Repository Document uri icon

abstract

  • Abstract Introgression of novel traits from alien to cultivated cotton species through the technique of chromosome substitution (CS) can be a valuable tool for broadening the genetic base of Upland cotton. The objective of this research was to determine whether the mineral nutrition and fiber quality of cotton can be improved by the introgression of selected chromosomes from donor species into Upland cotton. Eleven CS lines that consisted of selected chromosomes from Gossypium barbadense and G. tomentosum substituted into a recurrent G. hirsutum parent (TM-1) were grown along with TM-1 in two fields. The CS lines included CS-B01, CS-B04, CS-B07, CS-B15Lo, CS-B18, CS-T01, CS-T04, CS-T07, CS-T8Lo, CS-T15Lo, and CS-T18, in which a letter that followed CS- represents the donor species and the number after the letter refers to the substituted chromosome position. Mineral nutrition of the CS lines was measured based on leaf samples taken two weeks after flowering. Fiber quality was based on hand-picked bolls at harvest. The highest levels of 7 of 10 leaf mineral elements were measured in CS lines. Chromosomes that were associated with leaf nutrient improvement were Chromosomes 1 and 18. CS-B18, in particular, improved leaf N, P, K, and Zn relative to TM-1. The other chromosomes investigated (Chromosomes 4, 7, or the long arms of 8 or 15) did not affect or improve leaf nutrients relative to TM-1. Fiber quality was affected by CS lines, but there was no single substitution that led to more than two fiber quality improvements. CS-B15Lo and CS-B18 showed a tendency to improve fiber strength and elongation. CS-T15Lo also improved fiber elongation and yellow index. Overall, the results show that the technique of chromosome substitution is an effective tool for broadening the genetic base to enhance the mineral nutrition and fiber quality of Upland cotton.

author list (cited authors)

  • Saha, S., Tewolde, H., Jenkins, J. N., McCarty, J. C., & Stelly, D. M.

citation count

  • 0

complete list of authors

  • Saha, Sukumar||Tewolde, Haile||Jenkins, Johnie N||McCarty, Jack C||Stelly, David M

Book Title

  • Research Square

publication date

  • July 2022