Version 4 CALIPSO IIR ice and liquid water cloud microphysical properties, Part II: results over oceans
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Abstract. Following the release of the Version 4 Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP) data products from Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) mission, a new version 4 (V4) of the CALIPSO Imaging Infrared Radiometer (IIR) Level 2 data products has been developed. The IIR Level 2 data products include cloud effective emissivities and cloud microphysical properties such as effective diameter (De) and ice or liquid water path estimates. This paper (Part II) shows retrievals over ocean and describes the improvements made with respect to version (V3) as a result of the significant changes implemented in the V4 algorithms, which are presented in a companion paper (Part I). The analysis of the three-channel IIR observations (08.65m, 10.6m, and 12.05m) is informed by the scene classification provided in the V4 CALIOP 5-km cloud layer and aerosol layer products. Thanks to the reduction of inter-channel effective emissivity biases in semi-transparent (ST) clouds when the oceanic background radiance is derived from model computations, the number of unbiased emissivity retrievals is increased by a factor 3 in V4. In V3, these biases caused inconsistencies between the effective diameters retrieved from the 12/10 and 12/08 pairs of channels at emissivities smaller than 0.5. In V4, microphysical retrievals in ST ice clouds are possible in more than 80% of the pixels down to effective emissivities of 0.05 (or visible optical depth ~0.1). For the month of January 2008 chosen to illustrate the results, median ice De and ice water path (IWP) are, respectively, 38m and 3gm2 in ST clouds, with random uncertainty estimates of 50%. The relationship between the V4 IIR 12/10 and 12/08 microphysical indices is in better agreement with the severely roughened single column ice crystal model than with the severely roughened 8-element aggregate model for 80% of the pixels in the coldest clouds (230K). Retrievals in opaque ice clouds are improved in V4, especially at night and for 12/10 pair of channels, owing to corrections of the V3 radiative temperature estimates derived from CALIOP geometric altitudes. Median ice De and IWP are 58m and 97gm2 at night in opaque clouds, with again random uncertainty estimates of 50%. Comparisons of ice retrievals with Aqua/Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) in the tropics show a better agreement of IIR De with MODIS visible/3.7m than with MODIS visible/2.1m in the coldest ST clouds and the opposite for opaque clouds. In prevailingly supercooled liquid water clouds with centroid altitudes above 4km, retrieved median De and liquid water path are 13m and 3.4g.m2 in ST clouds, with estimated random uncertainties of 45% and 35% respectively. In opaque liquid clouds, these values are 18m and 31g.m2 at night, with estimated uncertainties of 50%. IIR De in opaque liquid clouds is smaller than MODIS visible/2.1 and visible/3.7 by 8m and 3m, respectively.
