Measurement of the Sixth-Order Cumulant of Net-Proton Multiplicity Distributions in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=27, 54.4, and 200GeV at RHIC. Academic Article uri icon

abstract

  • According to first-principle lattice QCD calculations, the transition from quark-gluon plasma to hadronic matter is a smooth crossover in the region _{B}T_{c}. In this range the ratio, C_{6}/C_{2}, of net-baryon distributions are predicted to be negative. In this Letter, we report the first measurement of the midrapidity net-proton C_{6}/C_{2} from 27, 54.4, and 200GeV Au+Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The dependence on collision centrality and kinematic acceptance in (p_{T}, y) are analyzed. While for 27 and 54.4GeV collisions the C_{6}/C_{2} values are close to zero within uncertainties, it is observed that for 200GeV collisions, the C_{6}/C_{2} ratio becomes progressively negative from peripheral to central collisions. Transport model calculations without critical dynamics predict mostly positive values except for the most central collisions within uncertainties. These observations seem to favor a smooth crossover in the high-energy nuclear collisions at top RHIC energy.

published proceedings

  • Phys Rev Lett

altmetric score

  • 10.85

author list (cited authors)

  • Abdallah, M. S., Adam, J., Adamczyk, L., Adams, J. R., Adkins, J. K., Agakishiev, G., ... STAR Collaboration.

citation count

  • 17

complete list of authors

  • Abdallah, MS||Adam, J||Adamczyk, L||Adams, JR||Adkins, JK||Agakishiev, G||Aggarwal, I||Aggarwal, MM||Ahammed, Z||Alekseev, I||Anderson, DM||Aparin, A||Aschenauer, EC||Ashraf, MU||Atetalla, FG||Attri, A||Averichev, GS||Bairathi, V||Baker, W||Ball Cap, JG||Barish, K||Behera, A||Bellwied, R||Bhagat, P||Bhasin, A||Bielcik, J||Bielcikova, J||Bordyuzhin, IG||Brandenburg, JD||Brandin, AV||Bunzarov, I||Butterworth, J||Cai, XZ||Caines, H||Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, M||Cebra, D||Chakaberia, I||Chaloupka, P||Chan, BK||Chang, F-H||Chang, Z||Chankova-Bunzarova, N||Chatterjee, A||Chattopadhyay, S||Chen, D||Chen, J||Chen, JH||Chen, X||Chen, Z||Cheng, J||Chevalier, M||Choudhury, S||Christie, W||Chu, X||Crawford, HJ||Csanád, M||Daugherity, M||Dedovich, TG||Deppner, IM||Derevschikov, AA||Dhamija, A||Di Carlo, L||Didenko, L||Dong, X||Drachenberg, JL||Duckworth, E||Dunlop, JC||Elsey, N||Engelage, J||Eppley, G||Esumi, S||Evdokimov, O||Ewigleben, A||Eyser, O||Fatemi, R||Fawzi, FM||Fazio, S||Federic, P||Fedorisin, J||Feng, CJ||Feng, Y||Filip, P||Finch, E||Fisyak, Y||Francisco, A||Fu, C||Fulek, L||Gagliardi, CA||Galatyuk, T||Geurts, F||Ghimire, N||Gibson, A||Gopal, K||Gou, X||Grosnick, D||Gupta, A||Guryn, W||Hamad, AI||Hamed, A||Han, Y||Harabasz, S||Harasty, MD||Harris, JW||Harrison, H||He, S||He, W||He, XH||He, Y||Heppelmann, S||Heppelmann, S||Herrmann, N||Hoffman, E||Holub, L||Hu, Y||Huang, H||Huang, HZ||Huang, SL||Huang, T||Huang, X||Huang, Y||Humanic, TJ||Igo, G||Isenhower, D||Jacobs, WW||Jena, C||Jentsch, A||Ji, Y||Jia, J||Jiang, K||Ju, X||Judd, EG||Kabana, S||Kabir, ML||Kagamaster, S||Kalinkin, D||Kang, K||Kapukchyan, D||Kauder, K||Ke, HW||Keane, D||Kechechyan, A||Khyzhniak, YV||Kikoła, DP||Kim, C||Kimelman, B||Kincses, D||Kisel, I||Kiselev, A||Knospe, AG||Kochenda, L||Kosarzewski, LK||Kramarik, L||Kravtsov, P||Kumar, L||Kumar, S||Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, R||Kwasizur, JH||Lacey, R||Lan, S||Landgraf, JM||Lauret, J||Lebedev, A||Lednicky, R||Lee, JH||Leung, YH||Li, C||Li, C||Li, W||Li, X||Li, Y||Liang, X||Liang, Y||Licenik, R||Lin, T||Lin, Y||Lisa, MA||Liu, F||Liu, H||Liu, H||Liu, P||Liu, T||Liu, X||Liu, Y||Liu, Z||Ljubicic, T||Llope, WJ||Longacre, RS||Loyd, E||Lukow, NS||Luo, X||Ma, L||Ma, R||Ma, YG||Magdy, N||Majka, R||Mallick, D||Margetis, S||Markert, C||Matis, HS||Mazer, JA||Minaev, NG||Mioduszewski, S||Mohanty, B||Mondal, MM||Mooney, I||Morozov, DA||Mukherjee, A||Nagy, M||Nam, JD||Nasim, Md||Nayak, K||Neff, D||Nelson, JM||Nemes, DB||Nie, M||Nigmatkulov, G||Niida, T||Nishitani, R||Nogach, LV||Nonaka, T||Nunes, AS||Odyniec, G||Ogawa, A||Oh, S||Okorokov, VA||Page, BS||Pak, R||Pandav, A||Pandey, AK||Panebratsev, Y||Parfenov, P||Pawlik, B||Pawlowska, D||Pei, H||Perkins, C||Pinsky, L||Pintér, RL||Pluta, J||Pokhrel, BR||Ponimatkin, G||Porter, J||Posik, M||Prozorova, V||Pruthi, NK||Przybycien, M||Putschke, J||Qiu, H||Quintero, A||Racz, C||Radhakrishnan, SK||Raha, N||Ray, RL||Reed, R||Ritter, HG||Robotkova, M||Rogachevskiy, OV||Romero, JL||Ruan, L||Rusnak, J||Sahoo, NR||Sako, H||Salur, S||Sandweiss, J||Sato, S||Schmidke, WB||Schmitz, N||Schweid, BR||Seck, F||Seger, J||Sergeeva, M||Seto, R||Seyboth, P||Shah, N||Shahaliev, E||Shanmuganathan, PV||Shao, M||Shao, T||Sheikh, AI||Shen, D||Shi, SS||Shi, Y||Shou, QY||Sichtermann, EP||Sikora, R||Simko, M||Singh, J||Singha, S||Skoby, MJ||Smirnov, N||Söhngen, Y||Solyst, W||Sorensen, P||Spinka, HM||Srivastava, B||Stanislaus, TDS||Stefaniak, M||Stewart, DJ||Strikhanov, M||Stringfellow, B||Suaide, AAP||Sumbera, M||Summa, B||Sun, XM||Sun, X||Sun, Y||Sun, Y||Surrow, B||Svirida, DN||Sweger, ZW||Szymanski, P||Tang, AH||Tang, Z||Taranenko, A||Tarnowsky, T||Thomas, JH||Timmins, AR||Tlusty, D||Todoroki, T||Tokarev, M||Tomkiel, CA||Trentalange, S||Tribble, RE||Tribedy, P||Tripathy, SK||Truhlar, T||Trzeciak, BA||Tsai, OD||Tu, Z||Ullrich, T||Underwood, DG||Upsal, I||Van Buren, G||Vanek, J||Vasiliev, AN||Vassiliev, I||Verkest, V||Videbæk, F||Vokal, S||Voloshin, SA||Wang, F||Wang, G||Wang, JS||Wang, P||Wang, Y||Wang, Y||Wang, Z||Webb, JC||Weidenkaff, PC||Wen, L||Westfall, GD||Wieman, H||Wissink, SW||Wu, J||Wu, Y||Xi, B||Xiao, ZG||Xie, G||Xie, W||Xu, H||Xu, N||Xu, QH||Xu, Y||Xu, Z||Xu, Z||Yang, C||Yang, Q||Yang, S||Yang, Y||Ye, Z||Ye, Z||Yi, L||Yip, K||Yu, Y||Zbroszczyk, H||Zha, W||Zhang, C||Zhang, D||Zhang, J||Zhang, S||Zhang, S||Zhang, XP||Zhang, Y||Zhang, Y||Zhang, Y||Zhang, ZJ||Zhang, Z||Zhang, Z||Zhao, J||Zhou, C||Zhu, X||Zhu, Z||Zurek, M||Zyzak, M

publication date

  • December 2021