Factors associated with food choice among long-term weight loss maintainers.
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BACKGROUND: The present study aimed to examine motivations for food choice among long-term weight loss maintainers (WLM) in a widely used commercial weight management program. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was employed where determinants of food choice were measured in the USA using validated scales: Food Choice Questionnaire, Consideration of Future Consequences, and Eating in the Absence of Hunger. Participants were 3806 WLM following a commercial weight management program (WW International, Inc.) who had maintained a weight loss 9.1kg (mean 24.7kg) for 3.3 years and had a body mass index (BMI) of 27.6kgm2 . A control group of weight stable individuals with obesity (controls; n=519) had a BMI of 38.9kgm2 and a weight change <2.3kg over the previous 5 years. RESULTS: WLM vs. controls made food decisions more based on health (18.9 vs. 16.3; p 2 =0.052) and weight control (9.9 vs. 7.5; p 2 =0.16) and less based on price (8.4 vs. 9.1; p 2 =0.10). WLM also scored higher than controls with respect to considering future consequences of behaviours (44.3 vs. 38.4; p 2 =0.060) and reported less external eating in the absence of hunger (7.1 vs. 7.5; p 2 =0.058). Standard canonical coefficients indicated that making food choices based on weight (0.717) with less value placed on price (-0.33) and greater consideration of future consequences (0.262) contributed independently and most (overall r=0.593; p=0.0001) to discriminating WLM from controls. CONCLUSIONS: In a widely used commercial weight management program, successful WLM reported food decisions based more on weight and less on price and considered future consequences of current behaviours.
