Temporal quantum noise reduction acquired by an electron-multiplying charge-coupled-device camera.
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abstract
Electron-multiplying charge-coupled-device cameras (EMCCDs) have been used to observe quantum noise reductions in beams of light in the transverse spatial degree of freedom. For the quantum noise reduction in the temporal domain, 'bucket detectors,' usually composed of photodiodes with operational amplifiers, are used to register the intensity fluctuations in beams of light within the detectors' bandwidth. Here, we report on measurements of the temporal quantum noise reduction in bright twin beams using an EMCCD camera. The four-wave mixing process in an atomic rubidium vapor cell is used to generate the bright twin beams of light. We observe 25% of temporal quantum noise reduction with respect to the shot-noise limit in images captured by the EMCCD camera. The temporal images captured by our technique are potentially important in obtaining dynamical information on evolving systems.
