Summary Pyometra is the accumulation of pus within the uterus. Pyometra should be suspected in any intact middle age to older female in diestrus presenting for malaise. Young, open pyometra, nonseptic, breeding bitches, and queens may be considered for medical management with prostaglandins, dopamine agonists, and progesterone receptor antagonists. For all other pyometra cases, surgical correction is the most appropriate therapy. Ovariohysterectomy for the treatment of pyometra results in rapid recovery of hematologic and systemic abnormalities. Before anesthesia, all patients should have a recorded physical examination including rectal temperature, pulse rate and quality, and respiratory rate and character. In addition, an emergency blood screen evaluating electrolytes and renal parameters should be viewed before anesthesia. Supportive care should be continuously provided with goals of maintaining normal heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature, blood pressure (MAP 70mmHg or greater), hydration, urine output, and organ function (renal, hepatic, and cholestatic).
