Effects of exercise and high carbohydrate and high protein diets on women with and without metabolic syndrome (MS)
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abstract
396 sedentary women (4611 yrs, 1637 cm; 9218 kg; 454% fat) participated in the Curves circuit training (3 d/wk) and weight loss program (1,200 kcal/d for 1wk; 1,600 kcal/d for 9wks that was 30% fat with 55% CHO in a HC group and 5063% protein in a HP group) for 10wks. Subjects were divided into those with less than (n=218) or more than (n=178) 3 NCEPATP III criteria for MS. Data were analyzed by MANOVA with repeated measures and are presented as means SD percent changes from baseline for the nonMS and MS groups, respectively. Subjects with MS experienced significantly greater changes in fasting glucose (1.217; 3.015 %, p=0.016), TG (4.240; 8.730 %, p=0.001), SBP (0.510; 4.312 %, p=0.001), and DBP (1.212; 4.113 %, p=0.02). Although time effects were observerd, no differences were seen between groups in weight loss (3.73.6; 4.03.6 %, p=0.40), fat loss (6.56.7; 7.06.4 %, p=0.64), waist circumference (3.16.0; 2.55.5 %, p=0.46), total CHL (5.718; 5.319 %, p=0.75), or HDL (3.820; 1.818 %, p=0.23). Subjects in the HP group tended to lose more weight (p=0.10) and had a greater reduction in TG (p=0.004). No time x MS x diet interactions were observed. Results revealed that exercise and diet promoted favorable changes in markers of MS; individuals with MS may experience greater benefits; and, a HP diet may promote greater reductions in TG levels.
