Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in helium films.
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abstract
The superfluid response of helium films with transition temperatures ranging from 70 mK to 0.5 K has been studied using a torsional oscillator technique. A detailed analysis of the background indicates that the initial nonsuperfluid layer has an unexpected temperature-dependent period shift and dissipation. The superfluid response obeys a general scaling law which can be derived from the Kosterlitz-Thouless theory. Comparisons with the dynamic theory reveal nonuniversal behavior as a function of coverage. 1989 The American Physical Society.