Effect of biosurfactant added in two different oil source diets on lamb performance and ruminal and blood parameters
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2019 Diets enriched with oil and high-energy content for feedlot lambs are often used to improve animal performance. The uptake of energy lipids can be optimized with the addition of biosurfactants. This experiment evaluated the effects of two oil sources and the addition of a biosurfactant on the performance of lambs. The research also assessed biosurfactant effects on blood parameters, number of protozoa and short-chain fatty acids levels in ruminal digesta, and ruminal and duodenal papilla morphometry. For that purpose, four treatments were studied: soybean oil without a biosurfactant, soybean oil with a biosurfactant, sunflower oil without a biosurfactant, and sunflower oil with a biosurfactant. Common ingredients included in the diets were corn silage, a milled-corn-based concentrate, soybean meal, and minerals. Soy lysolecithin was the biosurfactant used. Each treatment consisted of ten 90-d old commercial lambs individually confined for 60 days. The animals were weighed every 14 days, and feed intake was monitored daily. The dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), food conversion ratio (FCR) and body condition were recorded. Blood was sampled for hematological and biochemical evaluation at the end of the feedlot period. After slaughtering, rumen digesta was collected to evaluate the number and population of protozoa and the production of short-chain fatty acids. For ruminal and duodenal papilla morphometry, the rumen and duodenum were sampled. The statistical design was 2 2 factorial, with two oil sources and the addition or not of biosurfactant, and the means were compared using Tukey's test (at 5% probability). There was no treatment effect on DMI, FCR, blood hematological, protozoan population, production of short-chain fatty acid in the rumen or duodenum morphometry. Lambs fed biosurfactant had higher ADG (P = 0.02). These animals also had reduced rumen papilla area and a mitotic cell index. The results show that the oil source did not affect the studied parameters, and the addition of the biosurfactant shows potential for use in lamb diets because it increases ADG.
