Heavy traffic limits for queues with many deterministic servers
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abstract
Consider a sequence of stationary GI/D/N queues indexed by N , with servers' utilization 1 - /N, > 0. For such queues we show that the scaled waiting times NWN converge to the (finite) supremum of a Gaussian random walk with drift -. This further implies a corresponding limit for the number of customers in the system, an easily computable non-degenerate limiting delay probability in terms of Spitzer's random-walk identities, and N rate of convergence for the latter limit. Our asymptotic regime is important for rational dimensioning of large-scale service systems, for example telephone- or internet-based, since it achieves, simultaneously, arbitrarily high service-quality and utilization-efficiency.