Encapsulation of Polyphenols: An Effective Way To Enhance Their Bioavailability for Gut Health
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2018 American Chemical Society. Fruits and vegetables are excellent sources of polyphenols. Recently, these dietary polyphenols have received great research interest due to their prebiotic properties and remarkable effect on gut health. However, the effectiveness of polyphenols in dysbiosis and colon-related diseases mainly depends on their stability, absorption, and bioavailability, and the gut microbiota composition. Therefore, achieving the desired therapeutic effect of polyphenols in the gut will require an effective delivery system. In view of this, encapsulation technologies could be promising tools to improve bioavailability and bio-accessibility of polyphenols. In recent studies, several micro- and nano-encapsulation systems have been proposed for specific delivery of individual polyphenols or mixtures of polyphenols in the gut. However, overall knowledge in this context is limited and insufficient to recommend polyphenol-based nutraceutical remedies for improving gut health. This chapter reviews the overall information about gut microbiota, polyphenols, bioavailability and metabolism of polyphenols. In addition, this chapter discusses information about various encapsulation techniques, materials used for encapsulation of plant bioactives, and recent work on encapsulation of polyphenols.
