Band gap tailoring of Nd3+-doped TiO2 nanoparticles
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abstract
The undoped and Nd 3+ -doped TiO 2 nanoparticles were synthesized by chemical vapor deposition. The band gap of TiO 2 nanoparticles was reduced by Nd 3+ doping. The maximum band gap reduction was 0.55 eV for 1.5 at. % Nd-doped TiO 2 nanoparticles. The band gap narrowing was primarily attributed to the substitutional Nd 3+ ions which introduced electron states into the band gap of TiO 2 to form the new lowest unoccupied molecular orbital.