PS1-03: Health Behaviors in Adults with Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease
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Background/Aims: Health behaviors of adults with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors impact risk. We compared health behaviors of adults with diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol, and obesity to those without. Methods: We conducted 30-minute random-digit-dial household telephone surveys in 2007 (n=3607). Over 92% of adults willing to answer questions completed surveys, representing their household. Protective behaviors included meeting fruit and vegetable (FV) recommendations (5+ servings/ day), reporting often/always eating healthy diets, consuming low/very low dietary fat, eating breakfast 67 days/week, meeting walking and moderate physical activity (PA) recommendations (>=30 minutes 5+ days/week), and meeting vigorous PA recommendations (>=20 minutes 3+ days/week). Harmful behaviors included drinking soda >=once/week, drinking >=12 ounces of soda at a time, and eating at fast food restaurants >=once/ week. Results: Respondents included Whites (36.5%), Asians (28.5%), Hawaiians/part-Hawaiians (17.0%), female (65.3%), married (59.1%), college educated (54.7%), and mean age 54 (sd=15.8). CVD risk factors included obesity (18.5%), high cholesterol (16.4%), hypertension (15.9%), and diabetes (6.2%; 62.6% of those had Type II). For health behaviors, obese participants were less likely to obtain all seven protective health behaviors; they were more likely to engage in all three harmful nutrition behaviors. Participants with high cholesterol were less likely to do three protective behaviors, but also less likely to eat fast food. Participants with hypertension were less likely to do five protective behaviors. Diabetics were less likely to do three protective behaviors, but were also less likely to drink soda. Logistic regression indicated that obese participants were 1.69 times less likely to eat a healthy diet, a low fat diet (OR=1.61), or meet walking recommendations (OR=2.19), and were 4.02 times more likely to eat at fast food restaurants. Those with high cholesterol were 1.98 times less likely to meet FV recommendations, have a low-fat diet (OR=2.21), or meet vigorous PA (OR=1.64); but were 3.90 times more likely to eat breakfast and avoid fast food (OR=1.9). Those with hypertension were 2.17 times less likely to eat a healthy diet or meet vigorous PA (OR=1.66), but were also 2.01 times less likely to drink soda. Diabetes were 1.66 times less likely to eat a healthy diet or meet vigorous PA (OR=1.83). Conclusions: Individuals with CVD risk factors reported worse health behaviors, especially those with obesity. Healthcare interventions should monitor disease progression while reducing harmful and increasing protective health behaviors in individuals at greatest CVD risk.
