Land use modeling and optimization based on food-energy-water nexus: a case study on crop-livestock systems
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2018 Elsevier B.V. Efficient land use in agricultural systems is a complicated decision-making problem with resource competitions and conflicting objectives. Systematic thinking based on food-energy-water (FEW) nexus is a necessity for modeling and optimization of the systems. However, challenges arise in making decisions while encountering conflicting objectives, limited data and coupling components. To address these challenges, we developed a global optimization-based land allocation framework, which provides an adaptive data-driven modeling method based on limited realistic data to predict yields for production components, a FEW index to help solve the multi-objective optimization problem and carry out assessments. Computational results indicate that the framework can provide valuable production models and a comprehensive FEW index to select strategies for optimal land allocation and limit stresses in the FEW nexus.