2018 Taylor & Francis. From early case reports of non-parallel impairment or recovery of language in bilinguals following brain injury to brain mapping studies of brain-intact individuals, claims about the relationship between bilingualism and the brain continue to generate interest and controversy. A dominant issue, particularly in early discussions of this topic, based on clinical accounts (see Fabbro, 2001; Ijalba, Obler, & Chengappa, 2004; Paradis, 2001, 2004) and on studies with non-clinical populations, is whether or when there are distinct neural correlates of multiple language experience (see Hull & Vaid, 2005; Vaid, 2002, 2008; Vaid & Genesee, 1980; Wattendorf & Festman, 2008, for reviews and further discussion).
