Quantum theory of the free electron laser in the laboratory frame
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We have developed a formalism that allows us to use ordinary quantum mechanics (instead of quantum electrodynamics) to study the FEL in the laboratory frame. In this paper, we apply that formalism to the study of spontaneous emission and the growth of coherence in the linear (small-signal) regime, via a multimode calculation. We also present single-mode results concerning the effect of quantum-mechanical corrections to the gain and the saturation. Finally, we review the question of photon statistics; an extension of earlier results is pointed out. 1985.