Free electron lasers without inversion: Small, large, and huge gain regimes
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abstract
The operation of lasing without inversion in free-electron laser (LWI-FEL) in the small-gain and the large-gain regimes is presented. A generalization of Madey's theorem is obtained for an arbitrary wiggler shape. It showed that such a laser has a higher tolerance of the gain to the spread of the electron momentum in the large-gain regime and a higher saturation intensity than an ordinary FEL. A new regime with a huge gain resulting from extraordinarily high bunching of electrons is found.