The use of guilds in forest bird management.
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Species of birds that forage and nest in the foliage of fir trees form a logical management unit, or guild. Species in this guild should respond consistently (ie they all should either increase or decrease in abundance) to a silvicultural treatment that alters the volume of canopy foliage. This commentary compares bird populations in managed and unmanaged forests to determine if intraguild responses to habitat modifications are consistent. -from Authors