Serologic and fecal markers to predict response to induction therapy in dogs with idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease.
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BACKGROUND: Little information is available of markers that assess the disease course in dogs with idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). OBJECTIVES: Evaluate relationship between disease severity and serum and fecal biomarkers in dogs with idiopathic IBD before and after treatment. ANIMALS: Sixteen dogs with idioptahic IBD and 13 healthy dogs. METHODS: Prospective case control study. Canine IBD activity index (CIBDAI) clinical score, serum concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (pANCA), and serum and fecal canine calprotectin (cCP) were measured before and after 21 days of treatment. RESULTS: Serum CRP (median 3.5 mg/L; range: 0.1-52.4 mg/L), fecal cCP (median 92.3 g/g; range: 0.03-637.5 g/g), and CIBDAI scores significantly increased in dogs with IBD before treatment compared with serum CRP (median 0.2 mg/L; range: 0.1-11.8 mg/L; P<.001), fecal cCP (median 0.67 g/g; range: 0.03-27.9 g/g; P<.001) and CIBDAI (P<.001) after treatment. No significant associations between CIBDAI scores and before or after treatment serum biomarkers. There was a significant association between fecal cCP and CIBDAI scores before treatment (rho=0.60, P=.01). CRP and fecal cCP significantly decreased after treatment (median 3.5 mg/L v. 0.2 mg/L; P<.001 and 92.3 g/g v. 0.67 g/g; P = .001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Our data indicate that measurement of fecal cCP concentration is a useful biomarker for noninvasive evaluation of intestinal inflammation. Dogs with severe signs of GI disease more often have abnormal markers than dogs having less severe disease.
