Pork Skin Connective Tissue Gel Utilization in ReducedFat Bologna
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This study determined temperature (50, 60, 70and 80C) and time (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0h) factors that enhanced the water binding of pork skin connective tissue (PCT); the functionality of added water (AW, 100-600%, w/w) PCT gels; and attributes of bologna containing 10-30% addition of 100 600% AW PCT gels. Heating (70C) PCT increased water binding. Gels (100-600% AW) were formed by heating PCT (70C) for 30 min. Higher AW levels increased (P<0.05) gel moisture content, while decreasing fat, melting points, collagen content, and hardness. Addition of PCT gels in bologna decreased (P<0.05) hardness and increased juiciness, indicating the potential of PCT gels as water binders and texture modifying agents.