Dietary effect of squid and fish meals on growth and survival of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei in the presence or absence of phytoplankton in an indoor tank system
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This study was conducted in 36 indoor 40-L fibreglass aquaria to determine the weight gain and survival of Litopenaeus vannamei fed different dietary levels of fish (FM) and squid meal (SM) and to evaluate the potential of phytoplankton to reduce FM and SM levels in shrimp feeds. Six experimental isonitrogenous (35% protein) and isocaloric (17.5 kJ g -1 ) diets were formulated to contain either 5%, 10% or 20% SM combined with either 6.5% or 12% FM. Dietary effects on growth and survival were compared in two systems: a 'CLEAR water system' (CWS) without the presence of microalgae and a 'GREEN water system' (GWS) with microalgae in the culture water. Shrimp cultured in the GWS had 28-57% greater weight gain than those cultured in the CWS, regardless of dietary treatment. However, survival was not different. Shrimp cultured in the CWS or the GWS, and fed diets containing combinations of FM and SM did not show differences in weight gain and feed conversion ratio. These results suggest that under the conditions existing during this research, 6.5% FM and 5% SM can be used as a cost-effective combination in commercial feeds for shrimp production and that growth can be enhanced in the presence of primary productivity. 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
