Interactions Between Insect Vectors and Propagative Plant Viruses
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Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016. Plant-infecting viruses that are transmitted in a persistent-propagative manner must persist and replicate in two divergent hosts, plants and insects. There are fi ve groups of persistent-propagative plant viruses: rhabdoviruses, reoviruses, bunyaviruses, marafi viruses, and tenuiviruses. Throughout the transmission cycle of a persistent-propagative virus, there is a close association between virus and vector that is dependent on specifi c interactions. The omic technologies that are now widely used for simultaneous examination of thousands of genes (genomics), mRNAs (transcriptomics), and proteins (proteomics) combined with highthroughput bioinformatic tools to extract a vast amount of information have become a popular approach to better understand virus-vector interactions. The integration of the available datasets that result from these omic studies is contributing to the identifi cation of host factors that are required for the viral replication cycle. Current knowledge of the vector components that function in viral infection is still limited for the majority of persistent-propagative viruses. However, the emerging information on genomes, transcriptomes, and proteomes for insect vectors of plant viruses provides unique opportunities for studying the function of genes involved in virus attachment, acquisition, and transmission in different vector species. In this chapter we discuss the major groups of plant viruses transmitted in a persistent-propagative manner, the biology of these viruses, the interactions with their vectors, and the omic technologies applied to study these virus-vector pathosystems.
