Latitude-dependent sensitivity to stationary perturbations in simple climate models.
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The steady-state zonally averaged climate is perturbed by adding a latitude-dependent heat source to an energy balance equation of the simplified Budyko-Sellers type. The main features are: 1) the total temperature response is a sum of the direct effect of the perturbation and an indirect ice-albedo effect proportional to the solar ice-edge sensitivity; and 2) the indirect feedback effect produces an enhanced response in polar latitudes. -from Authors