ISOTOPIC EVIDENCE FOR THE CONTEMPORARY ORIGIN OF HIGH-MOLECULAR-WEIGHT ORGANIC-MATTER IN OCEANIC ENVIRONMENTS
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abstract
Previous work has suggested that apparent old 14C ages for oceanic DOC are the result of mixing of different organic carbon fractions. This report provides direct evidence for a contemporary 14C age of a high-molecular-weight (HMW) fraction of colloidal organic carbon (10 kD). Colloidal organic matter, COM10 (from 10 kDaltons (kD) to 0.2 m), isolated from the upper water column of the Gulf of Mexico and the Middle Atlantic Bight (MAB) region, generally has a contemporary age (i.e., younger than a few decades), while COM1 (from 1 kD to 0.2 m), is apparently old: 380-4500 y bP. Thus, BMW COM10 (3-5% of DOC) from the upper water column is derived from living particulate organic matter (POM) and cycles rapidly, while a significant fraction of low-molecular-weight (1 kD) DOM is likely more refractory, and cycles on much longer time scales. The presence of pigment biomarker compounds in COM1 from the upper water column points to selected phytoplankton species as one of the sources of COM. Terrestrial carbon as another source of COM is suggested from the inverse correlation between 14C and 13C values, as well as the increasing 13C values with increasing salinity. 234Th-derived turnover times of COM10 and COM1 from both the Gulf of Mexico and MAB are consistently short, 1-20 and 3-30 days, respectively. These short residence times support the hypothesis that 14C ages of colloidal fractions of DOC are the result of COM fractions being a mixture of several endmembers with fast and slow turnover rates. 1995.
