Design and development of eco-industrial parks
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It is well accepted that resource conservation, pollution prevention and cost reduction are all compatible objectives and have received considerable attention at the local (e.g. plant) level. The result has been increased efficiencies, greater productivity and enhanced environmental performance. In spite of this, global economies continue to deplete finite resources at an increasing and alarming rate. In this paper we discuss the challenges of a more sustainable economy in which the demands for products and services are met while simultaneously decreasing the demand for finite resources. We describe how an integrated approach at a macro (multi-plant/business) level can work effectively to generate efficiencies that produce step-change improvements in sustainability. We describe the role of eco-industrial parks and eco-industrial networks and discuss their application to the Dalian Development Zone in China.