Molecular Basis of Insulin Resistance: The Role of IRS and Foxo1 in the Control of Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications.
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abstract
Insulin/IGF-1 signaling plays a central role in control of cellular metabolism and survival, while insulin receptor substrate (IRS) protein -1 and -2 and downstream PI-3 kinaseAktFoxo1 signaling cascade play key roles in many functions of insulin/IGF-1. Dysregulation of this branch of signaling cascades may provide a mechanism for insulin resistance as we observed in cells, animals, and even humans. Targeting this branch of IRSFoxo1 signaling may provide us with fundamental strategies for drug development in the future.