Effect of longitudinal flutes on miniscrew implant stability and 3-dimensional bone formation.
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INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of longitudinal flutes on miniscrew implant (MSI) stability and bone healing. METHODS: Using 11 skeletally mature New Zealand white rabbits, we placed 31 longitudinally fluted and 31 nonfluted, 3-mm-long MSIs in standardized positions in their calvaria and immediately loaded them with 100g using nickel-titanium coil springs. Insertion torque values were obtained for each MSI placed; removal torque values were obtained for 28 MSIs that had been in place for 6weeks and 20 MSIs that had been in place for 2weeks. The bone volume fractions at 6 to 24, 24 to 42, and 42 to 60m from the MSI surfaces were evaluated using microcomputed tomography with an isotropic resolution of 6m. RESULTS: The success rate was 97% for both the fluted and nonfluted MSIs. The difference in insertion torque between the fluted and nonfluted MSIs was not statistically significant (P=0.930). After 2weeks, there was no statistically significant (P=0.702) difference in removal torque between the fluted and nonfluted MSIs. After 6weeks, removal torque values were significantly (P=0.008) higher for the fluted (3.420.26N.cm) than the nonfluted (2.490.20N.cm) MSIs. Bone volume fractions of the 6-to-24-, 24-to-42-, and 42-to-60-m layers were significantly (P<0.05) greater for the nonfluted than the fluted MSIs. CONCLUSIONS: Loaded 3-mm-long MSIs with and without flutes have high success rates. Longitudinal flutes placed in 3-mm MSIs increased their removal torque by 37% and decreased the amount of bone immediately surrounding them.
