Effective piezoelectric response of substrate-integrated ZnO nanowire array devices on galvanized steel.
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abstract
Harvesting waste energy through electromechanical coupling in practical devices requires combining device design with the development of synthetic strategies for large-area controlled fabrication of active piezoelectric materials. Here, we show a facile route to the large-area fabrication of ZnO nanostructured arrays using commodity galvanized steel as the Zn precursor as well as the substrate. The ZnO nanowires are further integrated within a device construct and the effective piezoelectric response is deduced based on a novel experimental approach involving induction of stress in the nanowires through pressure wave propagation along with phase-selective lock-in detection of the induced current. The robust methodology for measurement of the effective piezoelectric coefficient developed here allows for interrogation of piezoelectric functionality for the entire substrate under bending-type deformation of the ZnO nanowires.
Velazquez, B., Baskaran, S., Gaikwad, A. V., Ngo-Duc, T., He, X., Oye, M. M., ... Banerjee, S.
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Velazquez, By Jesus M||Baskaran, Sivapalan||Gaikwad, Anil V||Ngo-Duc, Tam-Triet||He, Xiangtong||Oye, Michael M||Meyyappan, M||Rout, Tapan K||Fu, John Y||Banerjee, Sarbajit