Cluster-ion implantation: An approach to fabricate ultrashallow junctions in silicon
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abstract
The formation of ultrashallow junctions of silicon by the cluster-ion implantation technique was demonstrated. The use of heavy atom-boron cluster ions effectively reduced the boron energy required for shallow-junction formation. SiB, SiB2 and GeB cluster ions were generated by a cesium sputtering ion source and produced the 2keV boron required for the low-energy ion implantation. Shallow junctions with energies of 6.88, 8.82 and 15 keV were obtained. The effects of a 550 C preannealing before a 1000C rapid thermal annealing procedure was also discussed.