2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Various reviews have shown that the incidence of laminitis among cases of intestinal disease ranges from 2% to 4%, while the incidence among cases of acute diarrhea was approximately 11%. Gastrointestinal tract disease is likely the most common cause of sepsis-related laminitis (SRL), and was the most common primary disease in 54% of horses that developed acute laminitis in a study conducted at seven private practices and at a university veterinary hospital. In cases of anterior enteritis, horses with body weights >550 kg and those with bloody gastric reflux were reported to be more likely to have laminitis. The onset of laminitis, in association with duodenitis/proximal jejunitis, enterocolitis, surgically managed colic, bacterial bronchopneumonia/pleuritis, and metritis, generally occurs several days after onset of the primary disease and may occur as the primary disease is resolving. Diagnostic imaging can be used to assess the severity of lamellar damage in horses with acute laminitis associated with septic diseases.
