SIMULTANEOUS SLOT AND SYMBOL SYNCHRONIZATION FOR PPM OPTICAL COMMUNICATION. Conference Paper

A maximum-likelihood algorithm for symbol synchronization in the absence of slot synchronization is derived for the PPM direct-detection optical channel. Two approximations to the optimal algorithm are also derived and their performance compared by computer simulation. One of the approximations has the advantages of being robust to parameter variations and very simple to implement, and its performance is almost identical to that of the other.

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