Construction and evaluation of permeable pavements and bioretention in North Central Texas
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Stormwater management in urban areas using LID practices is gaining momentum and needs to be tested in various soil types. Two construction projects are being undertaken, to build and compare four different permeable pavements, as well as a bioretention area, in clay soils of North Central Texas. The practices were built on the campus of the Texas AgriLife Research and Extension Center at Dallas, TX. These were constructed as part of a larger project that serve as BMPs for reducing runoff and pollution at the campus as well as a means to demonstrate urban LID practices. Four types of permeable pavements and a control (impervious) are being constructed on site along with conventional parking stalls that were used regularly. The four types were pervious concrete, porous asphalt, permeable interlocking concrete pavers and grass pavers. Five parking stalls of each type were built adjacent to each other and serve as a single monitoring unit. Inflow is estimated using a rain gauge on site. Surface runoff outflow is measured via a perforated drain running the length of the stalls in the parking median and overflow box and pipe. A flow meter is used to measure the overflow and the perforated pipe flow in the sub-grade and an automatic sampler used to collect samples for water quality assessment. A bioretention area is also being constructed at the center that was designed to capture and treat runoff from the impervious surfaces of the campus. Curb cuts allow runoff to drain to a single collection point for automatic sampling for water quality and flow measurement using an automatic sampler at the inflow. A surface overflow box is used to drain water to an underground pipe away from the median. A perforated pipe used in the drainage assists in soil infiltration. Outflow is measured for volume using a flow meter, samples for water quality were taken using an automatic sampler and storage inside the bioretention area is measured using a pressure transducer. Conducted as part of a larger study involving five different LID BMPs, the study will gather region specific data that is instrumental in stormwater management in the North Texas region.
