AN EXAMINATION OF SOX, NOX AND TRACE-METAL WASHOUT RATIOS OVER THE WESTERN ATLANTIC-OCEAN uri icon

abstract

  • During January and February 1983, simultaneous measurements of sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides and some trace metals were made in both air and precipitation samples on Bermuda. Washout ratios for a variety of species were calculated. From the trace metal data, it is estimated that the mean washout ratio for fine particles (diameter < 2.5 m) is on the order of 270. Washout ratios for fine SO 42- are 2-14 times greater. This finding and the observation that the NH 4+ SO 42- molar ratio is lower in precipitation than in the particulate phase suggests that in-cloud SO 2 oxidation is occurring. Fine- and coarse- (diameter 2.5-10 m) particulate NO 3- plus HNO 3 appear to account for the NO 3- in precipitation for most of the events. 1987.

published proceedings

  • ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT

altmetric score

  • 3

author list (cited authors)

  • WOLFF, G. T., CHURCH, T. M., GALLOWAY, J. N., & KNAP, A. H.

citation count

  • 13

complete list of authors

  • WOLFF, GT||CHURCH, TM||GALLOWAY, JN||KNAP, AH

publication date

  • January 1987