DEVELOPMENT AND MORTALITY OF IPS-AVULSUS (COLEOPTERA, SCOLYTIDAE) AT CONSTANT TEMPERATURES
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On average, eggs occupied 10.3% of the total time in the host, larvae 34.8%, pupae 11.8%, and teneral adults 43.1%. Plots of development rates and percent mortalities versus constant temperatures indicated that the insect is well adapted to high temperatures but sensitive to low temperatures. Oviposition time influenced life-stage and life-cycle mortality, although the effects were not great. A mechanistic model described the development rate versus constant temperature relationship; a cumulative Weibull function described the temperature-independent distributions of normalized development times. -from Authors