Caffeine free polyphenolic extracts from Yaupon holly (Ilex vomitoria) have chemopreventive potential and reduce the expression of inflammatory genes in non-cancer human myofibroblast (CCD-18) cells
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The objective of this study was to evaluate chemopreventive potential of different fractions of phenolics isolated from green tea (GT) and yaupon (YU) on human HT29 colon cancer cells and the antiinflammatory effects on colonic myofibroblasts CCD18 cells. Infusions from GT and YU leaves were fractionated into phenolics acids (Pa) and flavonoids (Fv) followed by caffeine removal (noC). Proliferation was determined by MTT assay, inhibition of hydrogenperoxideinduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) by dichlorofluorescein (DCF) assay, and modulation of gene expression by RTPCR. Among extracts the order of antiproliferativepotency in HT29 cells was YUFvnoC > YUFv > GTnoC ~ GT. The IC50 values of YUFvnoC for HT29 and CCD18 were 15 and 68 mg gallic acid equiv./L, respectively.YUFvnoC showed low toxicity exerted in noncancer colon cells, though the protective effect against the H2O2 induced ROS was not significant. However, YUFvnoC significantly decreased the expression of the proinflammatory genes IL6 and COX2, up to 99% and NFB from 8 to 35% compared to untreated cells. The expression of cellprotective catalase was increased by 1.1 to 1.4 fold in a dosedependent manner at 1040mg/L. In summary, our results indicate that flavonoids from YU seem to have anticancer effects and also may have potential for use in chemoprevention based on their antiinflammatory effects.
