Phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain and plant osmotic-stress responses
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Acclimation of plants to various environmental stresses involves activation of various signal transduction cascades that activate the expression of genes encoding stress tolerancedeterminants. The established paradigm of this regulation is that the environmental signals are perceived by sensor molecules that trigger cellular stress signaling pathway regulating stressspecific transcription factors. However, number of recent studies in higher eukaryotic system indicated the downstream regulatory steps. Co-transcriptional regulation of RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) complex controls activity of RNAP II during transcription elongation. C-terminal domain of RNAPII largest subunit is a focal regulatory target containing heptad repeats that are reversibly phosphorylated by various kinases and phosphatases. The regulation of plant gene expression at the level of transcription elongation has recently been implied because of the CTDphosphatase family mutants in Arabidopsis that alters stress inducible gene expression. The functional analysis of this gene family started to reveal common and unique mechanisms of plant gene expression among eukaryotes. 2006 Springer. All Rights Reserved.
