Noise limitation in nano-scale imaging
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When imaging schemes such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging are applied to nano-scale samples, the practical resolution is often limited by noise due to the difficulty of detecting a signal from a small number of nuclear or electronic spins. In this paper we discuss the potential for improving resolution by using optically detected magnetic resonance imaging such as optical Raman excited ESR transitions. Comparisons will be made between magnetic field gradients vs ac Stark gradients and optical Raman vs. direct microwave spin excitations. To make the analysis more concrete we will use nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defect centers in diamond as a test system.
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Fluctuations and Noise in Photonics and Quantum Optics III