Dietary effects on sperm quality of Litopenaeus vannamei broodstock
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abstract
A 56-d feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effect of diet on sperm quality of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei broodstock. Dietary treatments consisted of a combination of 75% dry maturation diet and 25% fresh-frozen squid (dry-weight basis). Supplemental nutrients of the maturation diet were selectively deleted and replaced with wheat starch to produce the following treatments: 1) 75% basal maturation diet plus 25% squid (control): 2) 75% maturation diet without supplemental vitamins plus 25% squid: 3) 75% maturation diet without supplemental cholesterol and phospholipids plus 25% squid: 4) 75% maturation diet without supplemental astaxanthin plus 25% squid: and 5) a fresh diet composed of 60% squid and 40% Maine bloodworms. Shrimp fed the control diet and the diet without supplemental astaxanthin had significantly higher mean ( SEM) change in sperm count (4.6 3.2 million sperm cells and 2.9 2.5 million sperm cells, respectively), with respect to baseline (8.7 1.0, 6.4 1.0. 9.0 1.3, 6.6 0.7, and 6.0 0.8 million sperm cells for treatments 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively), than shrimp fed the diet without supplemental vitamins (-1.7 2.6 million sperm cells), but not significantly higher than those of shrimp receiving the diets without supplemental cholesterol-phospholipids (1.2 2.5 million sperm cells) and the fresh diet (1.3 1.6 million sperm cells). Dietary deficiencies also were reflected in weight gain of shrimp fed the diet without supplemental vitamins (-2.0 g) and the fresh diet (-0.8 g), which were significantly lower than weight gain of shrimp fed the control diet (1.1 g) and the diet without supplemental cholesterol-phospholipids (0.8 g). No significant differences were detected among treatments for percentage of abnormal sperm and survival data. Results demonstrated a significant effect of diet on reproductive quality of male L. vannamei and indicated that the typical combination of fresh-food organisms used is not nutritionally optimal for male broodstock.
