Improvement of WWER-440 commercial fuel rod construction for burn-up extension
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The WWER-440 fuel element construction, designed for a four-year medium burn-up in a maximum strained fuel element of 59 MWday per kg of uranium and calculation results of thermomechanical characteristics of such a fuel element are described, using PIN-04M code. Some results of studies of one fuel assembly after its four- year operation at the Novovoronezhskaya NPP-unit 3 are presented. The conducted studies, operational experience and calculations indicate the possibility and advisability of operating the WWER-440 modernized fuel element construction in the course of four years.