Genome size and ploidy of Thysanoptera.
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Flow cytometry was used to study the genome sizes and ploidy levels for four thrips species: Franklinothrips orizabensis Johansen (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae), Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande, Frankliniellafusca Hinds, and Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). F.orizabensis males and females had 1C genome sizes of 426Mb and 422Mb, respectively. Male and female F.fusca had 1C genome sizes of 392Mb and 409Mb, whereas F.occidentalis males and females had smaller 1C genomes that were 345Mb and 337Mb, respectively. Male F.orizabensis, F.occidentalis and F.fusca were haploid and females diploid. Five isofemale lines of T.tabaci, initiated from parthenogenetic, thelytokous females and collected from different locations in North Carolina, were included in this study; no males were available. One isofemale line was diploid with a genome size of 1C=310Mb, and the other four had a mean genome size of 1C=482Mb, which is consistent with evidence from microsatellite data of diploidy and polyploidy, respectively, in these same five thelytokous lines. This is the first study to produce genome size estimates for thysanopteran species, and report polyploidy in T.tabaci populations.